Annotated Bibliography

Kurup, Harikrishnan, Bennett P. Samuel, and Joseph Vettukatil. “Hybrid 3D printing: a game changer in personalized cardiac medicine? Taylor Francis Online, 14 Oct. 2015. Web. 25 Jan. 2016.

3D printing is shown to be beneficial in many areas. This article focuses on heart disease and discuss how 3D printing could increase the procedural efficiency and patient safety in the congenital heart disease aspect. Accurate printed heart models have been able to be printed thanks to hybrid 3D printing, which is very beneficial to cardiologists. With this new technology, some cardiologists are even looking into printing 3D replicas for heart transplantations in the near future.

Murgia, Madhumita. “Toddler Gets World First Kidney Transplant Using 3D Printing.” The Telegraph. Telegraph Media Group, 26 Jan. 2016. Web. 28 Jan. 2016.

Lucy suffered from heart failure when she was only four months old, which starved her kidneys. They only way she would be able to live was a kidney transplant, which her father offered one of his kidneys for. The doctors at Great Ormond Street in Ireland used 3D printing to make detailed and accurate models for both the father kidney and Lucy’s stomach. Such a complicated and life threatening procedure could easily kill Lucy, but operating using the 3D models proved successful and helped save Lucy’s life. In 2014, a man had a 3D pelvis implanted because he lost half of his to cancer.

Ross, Joseph S., and Mark H. Michalski. “The shape of things to come: 3D printing in Medicine”. The Journal of the American Medical Association, 03 Dec. 2014. Web. 25 Jan. 2016.

Broad overview of 3D printing, which is a technique where objects are built from digital data. 3D printing has already been used for transplants in the dental field for over ten years. 3D printing has been used by many head and neck surgeons as a way to prepare for complex surgeries. This helps surgeons to be able to reduce operating room time as well as improving surgical results. 3D printing can also be tailored to individual patient’s anatomy. 3D printing organs are used to test drugs and their toxicity on human tissues.

Scott, Clare. “3D Bioprinting Solutions Succeeds in Performing the First 3D Printed Thyroid Transplant.” 3DPrintcom. 3DR Holdings, 04 Nov. 2015. Web. 28 Jan. 2016.

In March of 2015, Russian 3D printing company, 3D bioprinting solutions, reported having printed a working thyroid gland for a mouse. And in November of 2015, the same company reported successfully transplanting working thyroid glands into live mice. A benefit of 3D printed organs is that it is a much lower chance of the body rejecting the organ because it is the organism’s cells being printed. This is a big accomplishment because traditional thyroid transplants normally aren’t performed because of all of the possible complications.

“SmarTech Markets Publishing; SmarTech Announces the Availability of Three New Reports on 3D Printing in Medicine.” Search.proquest.com. ProQuest, 06 Sept. 2015. Web. 23 Jan. 2016.

3D printing used in implants, prosthetics, and medical modeling. 3D applications in medicine now includes the knee, shoulder, spine, and other cases where traditional treatment would not work. There have been printed orthotic devices to help with fracture healing, posture correction, vision correction, and healing aids. They are also used for practice to improve patient outcomes and anatomic modeling to expand the ability for professionals to treat difficult cases and increase the efficiency of many common procedures.